What has been the “Coronavirus story” for each of your featured countries – in other words, what have been the trends in terms of the numbers, spread, and reduction of Coronavirus thus far as they relate to your two countries of focus (make sure to obtain the most recent data, given how quickly COVID-19 continues to evolve)?

Introduction: As we know, the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had profound global impacts. The spatial aspects of this pandemic and its spread possess distinct geographic qualities. This assignment provides you with the opportunity to research and examine how COVID-19 has impacted specific countries around the world, illustrating just how meaningful and relevant Human Geography is. For this project, you will be assigned a pair of countries to research (these nations are listed in the 4th page of this document). Then, through a geographic lens, your project will highlight, compare, and contrast how COVID-19 has impacted these two specific countries. See Page 3 for the list of questions to answer for the paper. Writing about nations other than the ones assigned to you will result in a 30% reduction of your score, so be sure you are writing about the correct nations. Goals: • To think about and analyze the geographic elements ofCoronavirus • To apply an understanding of elements of human geography to two distinct countries around the world • To gain insights about how other parts of the world have responded to and have been impacted by COVID-19 • To develop further understandings about the common threads and unique situations of countries around the world asthey relate to theCoronavirus pandemic Due Date: See syllabus schedule. Late Penalty: As stated in syllabus. Format: The paper needs to be at least 5 full pages of writing total. It needs to all be turned in as one single essay, in paragraph form complete with introduction and conclusion paragraphs and a thesis statement. No more than 10% of this assignment should be quoted word-for-word (even if in quotation marks). Papers are to be double-spaced, 12-font with 1-inch margins. No cover page is required. Have your name written at the top of the first page, with a title and page numbers. The intro paragraph needs to have a specific thesis statement that gives a brief-but-specific overview of your analysis of the material in its entirety (Tip: The thesis is best written AFTER doing all the research and writing in the body of your paper). The amount of writing on each of your two countries should be roughly equal in length. Any photographs, maps, tables, etc., need to be attached at the end of the paper only, and they do not count as part of the length of the paper. A cover page will not count towards the paper length. Grammar, Spelling: It is expected that these papers are free of excessive grammatical and spelling errors. Sources: Needed: At least 5 academic/scholarly sources. Use MLA, APA, or Chicago Manual of Style which you can Google to find websites with examples of these formats. 2 Scholarly sources include: Journal articles from college library or college library website. Books from researchers (at college library). “Dot-gov” websites. Most encyclopedias Do not use Wikipedia in the paper, as that information will not count as part of the paper. Non-scholarly sources include: News articles, pop culture websites, magazines, or other forms of mass media. You can use non-scholarly sources as long as you already have 5 scholarly sources. In-Text Citations and Bibliography: To avoid plagiarism, all sources MUST be cited in the body of your paper AND listed in a bibliography, otherwise you will receive a score of ZERO for the paper and potentially an F for the entire course! Parenthetical citations are to be placed at the end of EACH sentence where you received a specific quote, idea, or a statistic from one of your sources.A good rule of thumb is that if you have at least a couple citations in each paragraph, you will probably not be accused of plagiarizing (unless you often quote word-for-word without quotation marks). However, you will still lose points if you do not cite ALL of the sentences which need citations. Examples of in-text parenthetical citations: http://www.aresearchguide.com/sampleparenth.html Assistance: Recommended textbook reading to help with this project: 2.6-2.8, 2.11, 10.1, 10.4-10.6 Here are some links that you might find useful/valuable as you engage in the research process for this project. I encourage you to integrate and cite various elements of these articles/resources into your papers to support your research. These should be beneficial as you “think geographically” about Coronavirus. • https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html • https://gis.colostate.edu/geography-covid-maps-society/ • https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus • https://sites.google.com/a/moe.edu.sg/sec-4-geography/topic-6-health-and-diseases/cause- andimpacts-of-spread-of-infectious-disease • https://infographics.channelnewsasia.com/covid-19/map.html • https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw3ZX4BRDmARIsAFYh7ZJ9_euWVfQZEHYJRsWAqnbGfEKdPRZeOcg9uzMiHQEudzqHOahHrwaAn4DEALw_ wcB • https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/05/13/how-coronavirus-could-upendhuman-migration-251715 Other useful resources (for non-COVID research): – Google Scholar – World Factbook from CIA.GOV (an online encyclopedia) – Academic Search Complete (journal database) – JSTOR (journal database) 3 Ways to Avoid an Automatic ZERO: 1) Use parenthetical citations as needed inside the body of your paper. 2) Include a Bibliography/Works Cited page at the end of your paper. 3) Do not copy multiple paragraphs from other sources without citing. Copying over 20% of your paper directly from another source, especially without providing citations, is an automatic F. 3 Questions to answer in body of the paper (also include an introduction paragraph with a thesis statement, and a concluding paragraph): Be sure to support any of your own opinions with research that you cite in the paper itself. Section 1: Geographic and Societal Characteristics: -What are the geographic characteristics of the two countries you are focusing on: Where are they located in the world, what are their respective populations and population densities? Do these nations have large percentages of elderly or young citizens? Are they more urbanized or more rural nations? -What are the predominant ethnicities, religions, and languages in your countries (include percentages of each if available)? -What are the natural environments generally like: Hot/cold temperatures throughout the year? Do the nations mostly consist of mountainous regions, hills, plains, or forests, for example? Section 2: Development and Equality: -List the following development-related information for your two nations: Life expectancy, TFR, Infant mortality rate (IMR), “GNI per capita” or “GDP per capita” (these are approximately the average income levels). Also, how do these nations rank in the world in terms of Human Development Index (HDI) and Gender Development Index (GDI)? -Based on these statistics, which nation seems to have a higher level of development than the other? Why? If it is tough to decide, explain why. -Are there cases of inequality or discrimination in these countries based on location or identity (such as income, ethnicity, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or age discrimination)? Please describe, including any efforts to combat inequality or discrimination. (If no issues, explain why no issues.) Section 3: COVID Stories: -What has been the “Coronavirus story” for each of your featured countries – in other words, what have been the trends in terms of the numbers, spread, and reduction of Coronavirus thus far as they relate to your two countries of focus (make sure to obtain the most recent data, given how quickly COVID-19 continues to evolve)? When explaining the statistics, be sure to include total cases and percentages of the populations having COVID-19. -How did the virus spread from/within the countries, how equipped/well-prepared were they to combat the virus? What were the responses of the governments/political leaders? -Briefly, but using statistics, how do these Coronavirus situations compare/contrast with the impact of COVID-19 on the United States? Section 4: Putting It All Together: -What are the current COVID-19 trends – are case numbers currently rising or diminishing in each of the countries, and why? -Are there any particular groups in these nations that have been disproportionately affected by COVID (based on location, gender, ethnicity, religion, or income levels, for example)? Do you think this to be expected, based on your answers to any of the above questions for this assignment? How so, or why not? Provide evidence from your research to support your opinion. -How do you think the geographic and societal characteristics of these nations contribute to the past or present numbers of COVID cases that people in your assigned nations have suffered through? Which characteristics do you think impact the numbers the most, and why? Provide evidence from your research to support your opinion. The country we are researching is Brazil, Chile