recommend 3 policies and discuss the impact of being on a network on hospital cost, hospital revenue and out its impact on ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge.

For this week exercise, we need to try a few logit models (see this link for more information: https://stats.idre.ucla.edu/r/dae/logit-regression/)

Model 1

Run a logit model and use being a member of network and find out its impact on hospital ownership and hospital beds? (Model 1)

Hospital Characteristics Coef. St. Err p-value
Hospital beds      
Ownership      
For Profit      
Non-for profit      
Other      
N      
AIC      

 

Model 2

Now, include hospital income and report the Coeff.? (Model 2)

Hospital Characteristics Coef. St. Err p-value
Hospital beds      
Ownership      
For Profit      
Non-for profit      
Other      
Hospital Income      
N      
AIC      

 

Model 3

Now, include the ratio of ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge in your model? And keep all variables you used for models 1, 2 & 3 and discuss your findings? Do you recommend keeping membership for a hospital? Why or why not? (Model 3)

Hospital Characteristics Coef. St. Err p-value
Hospital beds      
Ownership      
For Profit      
Non-for profit      
Other      
Hospital Income      
Medicare discharge ratio      
Medicaid discharge ratio      
N      
AIC      

 

Based on your finding please recommend 3 policies to improve hospital performance in FP, NFP hospitals, please make sure to use the final model for your recommendation.

 

If you have chosen to work with Excel, please run above three models and complete the following tables.

Model 1: Run a regression model and use being a member of network and find out its impact on hospital cost? (Model 1)

  Coef. ST. ERR T Stat P-values Lower 95% Upper 95%
Model-1            
Hospital cost            
N            
R Square            

 

Model 2: For the 2nd model run a regression model and use being a member of network and find out its impact on hospital cost and hospital revenue? (Model 2)

  Coef. ST. ERR T Stat P-values Lower 95% Upper 95%
Model-2            
Hospital cost            
Hospital Revenue            
N            
R Square            

 

Model 3: For the 3rd model run a regression model and use being a member of network and find out its impact on ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge.

  Coef. ST. ERR T Stat P-values Lower 95% Upper 95%
Model-3            
Hospital cost            
Hospital Revenue            
Medicare discharge ratio            
Medicaid discharge ratio            
N            
R Square            

 

Based on your finding please recommend 3 policies and discuss the impact of being on a network on hospital cost, hospital revenue and out its impact on ratio-Medicare-discharge and ratio-Medicaid-discharge. Do you recommend keeping membership for a hospital? Why or why not?

 

 

HMGT 400 Research and Data Analysis in Health Care-Exercise, page 5

How effective is it as an argument against physicalist theories of the mind & consciousness?

One (1) “Original Post” addressing one of the three question choices. Minimum of 250 words. Your Original Post must answer the question fully in all its parts and address possible objections to your reasoning. You must also connect your Original Post to the course by having at least one full sentence quote and citation from one of the Required Readings of the week. The quote should be word for word and contained inside quotation marks and then followed by an inline citation. Once you quote something or even reword something you did not originally write then you need to have it in a reference section at the end of the post (again in MLA format). Please refer to the following resources for help on MLA citation.

· Do not cite or use internet sources other than those provided under the Readings and Learning Materials. In other words, use only the learning materials and links provided in this course.

· DISCUSSION QUESTION CHOICE #1: Philosophical Zombies? Consider David Chalmer’s Philosophical Zombies Argument (Reading 5.2, pp. 96-102; also supplemental online material). How effective is it as an argument against physicalist theories of the mind & consciousness?  Use your knowledge of the required readings, supplemental material, your own experiences and judgments to make your argument. Make sure to address possible objections to your reasoning.

· DISCUSSION QUESTION CHOICE #2: What is it like to be a Bat? Consider Thomas Nagel’s argument for the subjective nature of consciousness. (Reading 5.2, pp. 91-5; also supplemental reading of the original Nagel article and supplemental online material) How effective is it as an argument against physicalist theories of the mind & consciousness? Use your own experiences, knowledge of the readings, supplemental material, and your own judgments to make your case. Make sure to address possible objections to your reasoning.

· DISCUSSION QUESTION CHOICE #3: Mary’s Room Thought Experiment. Analyze Frank Jackson’s Mary’s Room thought experiment more in depth. (Reading 5.2, pp. 102-8; also Supplemental Online Material) How effective is it as an argument against physicalist theories of the mind & consciousness? Use your own experiences, knowledge of the readings, supplemental material, and your own judgments to make your case. Make sure to address possible objections to your reasoning.

Extra readings

 

1)  “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2020)

A basic summary of the anti-physicalist conclusions of Thomas Nagel’s 1974 paper “What is it like to be a Bat?” with respect to explaining consciousness.

(2)  Kind, Amy, “Qualia.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Iep.utm.edu (2020)

A good overview of the definition and uses of qualia in philosophy and in theories of consciousness, including a good summary of the “hard problem” of consciousness.

(3) Tye, Michael, “Qualia.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Plato.stanford.edu (2017)

A good overview of the definition and uses of qualia in philosophy and in theories of consciousness. Article focus on linguistic uses of the term and their implications.

(4)  Van Gulick, Robert, “Consciousness.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Plato.stanford.edu (2014)

An excellent overview of the concepts covered this week, in addition to several which are not touched upon, or only superficially.

Recommend nonpharmacological interventions for children and adolescents in mental health settings

Special Considerations Related to Prescribing for Children and Adolescents

There is probably no greater responsibility that the psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner assumes than the responsibility of prescribing medications. While patients can be harmed by psychotherapy, the level and intensity of the harm generally does not approach the same level of harm that can occur from improper prescribing. PMHNPs must understand their responsibility, both at the state and federal levels, when it comes to prescribing medications.

This week, you will explore the particular clinical considerations associated with prescribing for children and adolescents.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

· Recommend psychopharmacological interventions for children and adolescents

· Recommend nonpharmacological interventions for children and adolescents in mental health settings

· Analyze clinical decision making related to treatment of children and adolescents in mental health settings

· Evaluate mastery of nurse practitioner knowledge in preparation for the nurse practitioner national certification examination

· Create a study plan for the nurse practitioner national certification examination

 

Learning Resources

 

Required Readings (click to expand/reduce)

https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat06423a&AN=wal.EBC5108631&site=eds-live&scope=site&authtype=shib&custid=s6527200

Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (2015).  Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwell.

· Chapter 43, “Pharmacological, Medically-Led and Related Treatments”

 

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/ld.php?content_id=51901492

Zakhari, R. (2020). The psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual. Springer.

· Chapter 5, “Psychopharmacology”

 

Required Media (click to expand/reduce)

 

https://youtu.be/Gbq6RnOsGKQ

 

Assignment 1: Prescribing for Children and Adolescents

Off-label prescribing is when a physician gives you a drug that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved to treat a condition different than your condition. This practice is legal and common. In fact, one in five prescriptions written today are for off-label use.

—Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

 

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Ingram Publishing

Psychotropic drugs are commonly used for children and adolescents to treat mental health disorders, yet many of these drugs are not FDA approved for use in these populations. Thus, their use is considered “off-label,” and it is often up to the best judgment of the prescribing clinician. As a PMHNP, you will need to apply the best available information and research on pharmacological treatments for children in order to safely and effectively treat child and adolescent patients. Sometimes this will come in the form of formal studies and approvals for drugs in children. Other times you may need to extrapolate from research or treatment guidelines on drugs in adults. Each individual patient case will need to be considered independently and each treatment considered from a risk assessment standpoint. What psychotherapeutic approach might be indicated as an initial treatment? What are the potential side effects of a particular drug?

For this Assignment, you consider these questions and others as you explore FDA-approved (“on label”) pharmacological treatments, non-FDA-approved (“off-label”) pharmacological treatments, and nonpharmacological treatments for disorders in children and adolescents.

Reference:

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2015).  Off-label drugs: What you need to know.  https://www.ahrq.gov/patients-consumers/patient-involvement/off-label-drug-usage.html

To Prepare

· Your Instructor will assign a specific disorder for you to research for this Assignment.

· Use the Walden library to research evidence-based treatments for your assigned disorder in children and adolescents. You will need to recommend one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention for treating this disorder in children and adolescents.

The Assignment (2 pages) ON ADHD

· Recommend one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention for treating your assigned disorder in children and adolescents.

· Explain the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision making. What are the risks and benefits of the FDA-approved medicine? What are the risks and benefits of the off-label drug?

· Explain whether clinical practice guidelines exist for this disorder and, if so, use them to justify your recommendations. If not, explain what information you would need to take into consideration.

· Support your reasoning with at least three scholarly resources, one each on the FDA-approved drug, the off-label, and a non-medication intervention for the disorder. Attach the PDFs of your sources.

How does authority relate to rhetoric?

1.) What is the main subject of chapter 2 and how do you know this? Provide at

least 2 examples.

2.) What does the author mean by “authority” and why it is an important

concept? Find at least 2 examples.

3.) How does authority relate to rhetoric? Find at least 2 examples.

4.) What is insider vs outsider audience? Why is it important to understand this?

Find at least 1 example of each in the text.

5.) Should we question rhetoric/evidence/authority according to our e-text? Why

or why not? Make sure to provide proof for your decision.

 

MJimmieKillings_2005_2AppealsToAuthorityAn_AppealsInModernRhetor.pdf

 

 

 

How is the global expansion of social media likely to affect how people pursue social change?

Consider what you have learned about collective behavior, social movements, and social change this week. How is the global expansion of social media likely to affect how people pursue social change? How has it done so already? Use specific examples from the media (including a link to information about a recent social movement) as you analyze social movements, social change, technology, and the media. A full citation/reference is not required for the link.

Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.

Discussion: Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Regardless of political affiliation, individuals often grow concerned when considering perceived competing interests of government and their impact on topics of interest to them. The realm of healthcare is no different. Some people feel that local, state, and federal policies and legislation can be either helped or hindered by interests other than the benefit to society.

Consider for example that the number one job of a legislator is to be reelected. Cost can be measured in votes as well as dollars. Thus, it is important to consider the legislator’s perspective on either promoting or not promoting a certain initiative in the political landscape.

To Prepare:

  • Review the Resources and reflect on efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
  • Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.
By Day 3 of Week 3

Post an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in terms of legislators being reelected affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses of the voters views may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or positioning national policies (e.g., Congress’ decisions impacting Medicare or Medicaid). Remember, the number one job of a legislator is to be re-elected. Please check your discussion grading rubric to ensure your responses meet the criteria.

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

  • Chapter 3, “Government Response: Legislation” (pp. 37–56)
  • Chapter 10, “Overview: The Economics and Finance of Health Care” (pp. 180–183 only)

https://www.congress.gov

https://www.nursingoutlook.org/article/S0029-6554(17)30262-2/fulltext

https://www.house.gov

https://www.senate.gov