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Write an essay about how the city of Paris and new york got more dense and populated, and compare roadways, highways, transit, subways, and transportation from a long time ago compared to what it is today
Final Project: Methods Section
This week, you will create the Methodology section of your research proposal(topic : Social Psychology of Self-efficacy). In this section, you will review the research methodologies (both qualitative and quantitative) used in social psychology research. To gain a better understanding of the methods used review the methodology sections of the articles you found for your literature review.
Include in your work:
Define qualitative and quantitative research methods used in social psychology research.
Explain which of the two research methodologies is a better choice to be used in social psychology research and why.
Detailed description of the methodology used in your research, including, but not limited to, participants (a description of the participants you will recruit and detail about how you will recruit them), procedure (how you will go about collecting your data), and materials or resources required (questionnaires, surveys, interview questions, etc.)
Using APA format, be sure to parenthetically cite your sources, and Reference on a separate page.
Assignment Content 1ST PART (ATTACHED PORTION THE SECOND PART OF THE ASSIGNMENT AND THE COMPANY IS MOLINA HEALTHCARE)
Review your lectures. Then:
Identify, how many Americans remain uninsured despite the PPACA (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act), using the most current scholarly resource available.
Identify how many Americans are currently signed up for and have paid premium for the PPACA.
Discuss the current cost to Americans in subsidies, which are financially supporting the PPACA. What is the current fine charged by the IRS to those without insurance and how much will it increase in 2016? Will this fine increase have a negative or positive impact? Explain why.
Review the following articles
Lurie, I. Z., & McCubbin, J. (2016). What can tax data tell us about the uninsured? evidence from 2014. National Tax Journal, 69(4), 883-904.
Impact of obamacare on coverage: Reduction in the number of uninsured. (2016). Congressional Digest, 95(3), 7.
Jost, T. S., & Pollack, H. A. (2016). Making health care truly affordable after health care reform. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 44(4), 546-554. doi:10.1177/1073110516684785
To support your work, use your course and textbook readings
As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format.
Your initial posting should be addressed at 300-500 words.
INITIAL POST Through followership, individuals follow a leader willingly. For example, in organizations, employees are considered followers while team leads, supervisors, and managers are considered leaders. In organizations, most employees willingly accept following leaders to help them achieve their goals.In the table below, from Northouse (2022, p. 354), we can see the typologies of followership. The behaviors associated with these noted typologies describe the behaviors of followers. Source: Northouse, P. G. (2022). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed., pp. 354). Sage Publications. Thinking about followership and its typologies:Reply to at least two peer discussion question post:this is first dis.A followership relationship occurs when an individual accepts the influence of another in order to achieve a common goal. There are many typologies of followership including the following: Zaleznik Typology, Kelly Typology, Chaleff Typology, Kellerman Typology, and others (McKimm, J., & Vogan, C. L., 2020).Zaleznik Typology: provides leaders with insights into their followers, as well as assisting followers in understanding and becoming leaders.Kelly Typology: emphasizes the motivation and behavior of followers.Chaleff Typology: emphasizes the role of followers in the leadership process.Kellerman Typology: asserts that leaders are often overestimated due to their power, influence, and authority, whereas followers are underestimated due to their lack of power and authorityIt is also important to note that followership has an ethical dimension. In the same way, that leadership is not amoral, followership is not a process that has moral neutrality. Being a follower implies a responsibility to consider the morality of one’s actions and the rightness or wrongness of the results of one’s actions. Leaders and followers strive to achieve common goals, and both have a moral obligation to do so (Chaleff, I., 2008).Q1: From each typology (Zaleznik, Kelley, Chaleff and Kellerman), select one behavior that defines a follower:Different scholars have examined the behavior of followers from different perspectives within the field of leadership studies. In 1965, Zaleznik introduced a matrix that classified followers according to their behaviors, and one behavior that stands out is withdrawal, defined as submissiveness and passiveness. According to Kelley, followers are motivated and behave in a particular way, and alienated followers are a prominent type of follower. It can be seen that these followers are disengaged and detached from their leaders and the group as a whole. Chaleff, however, emphasizes the importance of courage among followers, and he encourages followers to act as partners with their leaders. Taking responsibility for the outcomes of their actions involves actively engaging in dialogue and decision-making with their leaders. In Kellerman’s view, followers are subordinates with little power, no authority, and little influence. Participant behavior is particularly relevant in this context. A participant is a follower who actively participates in his or her role, contributes to the goals of the group, and collaborates with his or her leaders and peers. (Carsten, M. K et al., 2014)Overall, these different perspectives shed light on a variety of follower behavior, and it is crucial that both leaders and followers understand and recognize the different types of follower behavior in order to develop a productive and effective relationship.Q2: Explain details about each of the four behaviors that you selected. Then, detail what these behaviors mean when applied in an organizational setting.Based on Zaleznik’s leadership typology, withdrawn followers are not interested in social contact and may actively avoid interacting with others, resulting in minimal participation in work activities beyond what is necessary in order to maintain employment. On the other hand, according to Kelley’s typology, alienated followers possess critical thinking skills but are disengaged from their organization and task, often exhibiting skepticism and negativity towards moving forward. Following Chaleff’s typology, partner behavior is characterized by followers who provide high levels of support and challenge to their leader, taking responsibility for their own actions as well as those of their leader. The Kellerman typology defines participants as individuals who may support or oppose the leader on certain issues, such as a new company policy (Zaleznik, A., 2008).When applied in an organizational setting, these behaviors can contribute to a positive and dynamic work environment, fostering a culture of innovation, collaboration, and continuous improvement. Generative leaders who challenge the status quo, inspire a shared vision, enable others to act, and model the way can increase employee engagement, align employees with the organization’s goals and mission, and improve overall organizational performance and outcomes.Q3: Determine which leadership style is best suited for each of the selected follower’s behavior and why.The most appropriate leadership style for withdrawn followers is a transformational style, while the most appropriate leadership style for alienated followers is a transactional style. This is the reason why transformational leadership encourages followers to think outside the box and solve problems. Leadership that is transactional is characterized by rewards and punishments. It is important to involve followers and to allow them to make decisions through a participatory approach.Q4: Give an example of where (type of job or organization) the follower’s behaviors that you selected will be most effective.According to my observations, the most appropriate job for followers’ behavior is:The withdrawn behavior: Librarian or a data entry operatoralienated followers: accounting clerk.Partner follower: teacher.Participating follower: salesperson. This is the second dis.Introduction of FollowershipFollowership depicts an individual who accepts the instructions of their superiors, executives or the leaders within the organization willingly in order to achieve the collective goals developed by the seniors of that organization. Those followers are considered effective who balance their responsibilities and relationship with their leaders and complete their projects and tasks assigned to them punctually and timely (Northouse, 2022).Followers Behaviors According to TypologiesPragmatist- The pragmatist followers have moderate involvement and engagement in organizational matters. These kinds of followers have a moderate kind of critical and logical thinking. They wait for the outcomes and then take action (Lovelace et al., 2019).Impulsive – The impulsive followers are stubborn and try to lead just like the leaders. They are unprompted and courageous. (Lovelace et al., 2019).Partners- These followers act like the leaders’ partners as they support the leaders and assist them in each decision (Imoukhuede, 2022).Bystander – These kinds of followers are passive, and they stay on the side and are not involved and engaged in organizational matters (Sage, 2019).Explanation of BehaviorsThere are kinds of followers who possess pragmatic behaviour. The pragmatists are a moderate kind of attitude, and they are not much involved in the organizational matters. The pragmatists are not much brilliant and are moderate critical thinkers. The pragmatists do not take instant actions; they wait for the outcomes and then take the actions to sort the things. Furthermore, the impulsive followers are very stubborn and rebellious, and they try to lead with the leaders (Sage, 2019).These kinds of followers are very courageous but display a negative attitude. Partners are placed in the equal position of the leader because they support and facilitate the leader in every matter. The partners stay with the leaders and assist them just like the partners. Some followers do not interfere in any matter and stay aside. The bystanders are not involved and engaged in organizational matters because they possess low confidence and stay away from the matters. Bystanders finish their assigned tasks and do not participate in any other matters (Sage, 2019).Organizational SettingThere are different behaviours of followers, which have been discussed above, and these behaviours have a significant impact on the organizational setting because, in many studies, it has been shown that the relationship between the leader and follower has a significant impact on the achievement of the organizational objectives. These behaviours indicate that the selected followers have the capability to follow the instructions of their leaders when they obey their superiors, and they become more adaptive and supportive of their peers; all these traits allow them to develop a positive culture at the workplace (Epitropaki et al., 2020).Best suited leadership style for each behaviourTransactional leadership is best suited for followers who are less confident and unmotivated. The transactional leadership style is best suited for bystanders. These followers are unmotivated and do not participate in any activity; the leader will provide the direction and rewards for their extra efforts as a motivational medium. The authoritarian leadership style is best suited for impulsive followers. The democratic or participative leadership style is best suited for the pragmatists, as this leader encourages their followers to participate. Democratic leaders ask their followers for feedback and ideas to be actively engaged. The transformational leadership style is best suited for partners, as they inspire and motivate the followers for their contribution and support (Becker, 2020).
What do you see as “the American dream,” and how is it associated to happiness and freedom? What are some places in the world where the definition of happiness and/or freedom might be different?
Using the film introduction for this unit as a guide, Nepal: A Girl’s Life, do some research and discuss how happiness is understood in another country or culture.The example of Nepal from the video is one example; select another culture or country for your example. 150-200 words
Original work only!!!!!!!!!!!!
Also, consider how freedom is defined in this specific country or culture. Give specific examples of both happiness and freedom in the country or culture you select; incorporate credible sources and reference the Unit 4 reading material.
Include APA formatting
INTEGRATION OF FAITH: LEAD AND CONTROL ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS For Integration of Faith: Lead and Control Assignment, continue your review of Nehemiah. Examine 3 examples of Nehemiah’s ability to lead and control. Compare to concepts in the text, and add your own analysis of the characteristics you define. Explain how 1 of these biblical examples could apply to current business practices.
Introduction:
Because of the increased scrutiny on the actions of corporations and those who act on behalf of organizations, there has been increased attention placed on the ethical actions within organizations. Many organizations have responded to this increased scrutiny by establishing formal ethics programs to address what are appropriate actions for those working for the company.
Given:
You are the ethics officer at a new company, Company X, and you have been charged with the task of creating an ethics program as a part of the new employee handbook. Your program should include a standards and procedures section, an ethics training section, a section regarding employee misconduct, and a plan for evaluating and improving the ethics program after implementation.
Task:
Develop an ethics program (i.e., as can be found in an employee handbook or employee guidelines)(suggested length of 5–7 pages) for the given company in which you do the following:
A. Develop an applicable standards and procedures section that includes four elements of acceptable or unacceptable behavior found in a code of ethics.
B. Develop a section that identifies at least three specific elements for an ethics training program.
C. Develop a section that explains the processes for each of the following:
1. Monitoring employee misconduct
2. Auditing employee misconduct
3. Reporting employee misconduct
D. Develop a section that explains your plan to do the following:
1. Evaluate the effectiveness of the ethics program after implementation.
2. Provide suggestions to improve the ethics program after implementation.
E. When you use sources, include all in-text citations and references in APA format.
You will write an analysis of the major points in chapters 12, 14, 15, and 16 in the textbook. Each analysis must be a minimum of two full pages in length and no longer than three pages in length. Each analysis should be submitted in 2 separate word documents. In your analysis, you should discuss the major points made in the chapter as well as your opinions regarding the chapter topic.
In Module 7, we learned about the importance of current liabilities, which are amounts which a Company owes to another Company. Current liabilities mean the liability must be paid with the next year or within the next operating cycle; long-term liabilities mean the liability is due to be paid sometime after the nextyear or operating cycle. We also learned during Module 7 about the times interest earned ratio,which measures whether a Company can/is generate (generating) enough profits to pay the interest expense required to be paid on its short-term and long-term debt as they become due.
In the Module 8 discussion, you will first calculate the times interest earned for two telecommunication companies in the United States, and then analyze and compare the results.
Obtain the latest two AT&T and Verizon Annual Reports online, like you have been doing for other companies in some of the previous Module discussions. Please make sure the Annual Report you obtain includes the latest two fiscal years.
Calculate the times interest earned ratios for the latest two fiscal years ending. Show the bases of your calculations at the start of your response for both companies. Answer the following questions as part of your initial response:
What is AT&T’s trend for the times interest earned ratio for the past two years?
What is Verizon’s trend for the times interest earned ratio for the past two years?
Comparing the trends in the times interest earned ratios for AT&T and Verizon to each other over the past two years, what do the trends tell us? Are there any specific reason(s) the ratios are different? (Hint: check their respective Annual Reports, the Management Discussion and Analysis Section, especially, for potential explanations)
Example to Include at the start of your initial response:
AT&T:
Times Interest Earned: Fiscal Year Ended XXXX and Fiscal Year Ended XXXX.
Verizon:
Times Interest Earned: Fiscal Year Ended XXXX and Fiscal Year Ended XXXX.
Reminder: The times interest earned ratio is computed as operating income divided by interest expense. You should remember from Module 7 on which of the basic financial statements you can find both of these amounts.