establish the application of theory to investigate the reasons for the difference between a budget and the actual and support the financial element of short-term and long-term decisions.

What are the strengths, limits, problems, or gaps in the Israel Lobby argument?

Paper 2: Analyzing Institutions and Processes

Consider the Mearsheimer and Walt article, “The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy.” It has become a controversial article in academic and policy circles with its claim that the lobby influences US foreign policy in detrimental ways. However, the authors have been severely criticized by many policy experts (among others) who rebut their claims. See the Learn section for the Mearsheimer and Walt article and the rebuttal articles. Your assignment is to write an analysis of the Mearsheimer and Walt article and these rebuttals.

Complete the following instructions:

• Using the sources listed at the bottom of the blog site above as a starting point, read at least 5 or more rebuttals to Mearsheimer and Walt’s argument. You may discover other sources on your own from the library or Internet.
• Among the articles read, identify the strongest points against the Israel Lobby argument.
• Make these points the basis of your critique of the Israel Lobby argument. What are the strengths, limits, problems, or gaps in the Israel Lobby argument?

What are the limits, problems, or gaps in the author’s argument?

Analyzing Theory and Grand Strategy

Select any one of the textbook readings – except Huntington’s Clash of Civilizations. Students may NOT write about the Huntington article in this section as it will be a MID-TERM question. Complete the following instructions and note:

• In a single opening paragraph, briefly summarize the author’s argument. The short abstract provided at the beginning of each article already does this, but do not copy and paste it, since it must flow with the overall tenor of your own style and argument.
• In the next section of the essay, offer a concise defense of the argument. Why is it at least plausible? There is always something rationally defensible about a peer-reviewed journal article on US foreign policy.
• For the remainder of your response, offer a critique of the article. What are the limits, problems, or gaps in the author’s argument? There are limits, problems, or gaps in every argument. You do not have to have answers to the problems you identify, but you must be able to at least develop questions about the claims made by the author.

Describe an issue or concern regarding the selected area of advanced practice and explain its impact on health care outcomes.

Description 1. Review literature regarding issues or concerns within your selected area of advanced practice nursing. Select a theory or model which is relevant to your selected area of advanced practice nursing. Offer a meaningful context for evidence-based practice surrounding the issue or concern which you identified. 2. Address Theoretical Framework to Support Evidence-based Practice Assignment 3. Identify and describe a theory or model, and explain its relevance to the selected area of advanced practice 4. Describe an issue or concern regarding the selected area of advanced practice and explain its impact on health care outcomes. 5. Explain how the theory or model can be used as a framework to guide evidence-based practice to address the issue or concern, and discuss the unique insight or perspective offered through the application of this theory or model. Submission Instructions: The PowerPoint presentation is original work and logically organized. It should consist of 10-15 slides excluding the title and reference. The PowerPoint presentation should be clear and easy to read. Speaker notes expanded upon and clarified content on the slides. The PowerPoint presentation should be formatted per APA and references should be current (published within last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions) Incorporate a minimum of 4 current (published within last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions) within your work. Journal articles and books should be referenced according to APA style (the library has a copy of the APA Manual).

As you watch The Paper Chase Movie, make a list of all the skills and qualities that are needed to succeed in Law School.

Description
As you watch The Paper Chase Movie, make a list of all the skills and qualities that are needed to succeed in Law School. Set up your google doc in two columns. The first column will contain your list of skills and qualities that you take from the film. The second column will contains ways that you think that you could develop those skills or ways that you think your high school teachers can help you develop those skills and qualities.

how does out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure by single mothers relate to income loss?

LITERATURE AND DATA ANALYSIS- PAPER 2

Overview of Research

Single parents and their children often have poor health and poor social results. From the 1960s, the number of children staying with single parents, specifically mothers, has doubled. According to the Census Bureau (2019), single mothers represented 30% of families with children in the United States. In the US, the most common arrangement is for a child to live with both its parents, but in case of divorce or separation, single mothers end up taking the children’s full custody. Single-mother families have critical healthcare implications, and Single-mother families face more significant threats of poverty and economic issues. For instance, a study in 2020 revealed that poverty levels in single-mother families were 31% higher than in both-parent families. Among employees, single mothers are more likely to be poor and are more likely to be uninsured than mothers from two-parent families. The poverty levels and lack of health insurance result in higher rates of unattended health needs in single-mother families instead of both-parent families.

ACA (Affordable Care Act) was enacted in 2010. It increased health insurance to the citizens, restricted rescinding insurance plans, and restricted the enforcement of yearly and lifetime deadlines on health advantages. ACA also brought about revenue-related premiums and cost-sharing deductions and called coverage for vital healthcare. Despite the ACA enactment, the initiative failed to deliver its promises to families. To date, a significant number of Americans are straining to cater to their healthcare needs out-of-pocket. Therefore, the research question for this paper is; how does out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure by single mothers relate to income loss? Additionally, the research answers to; do the income losses compromise the health welfare of single-mothered families?

Be extra critical: is there something in your course so far that you have been sceptical about, or which you think needs further study?

This assessment requires you to submit a 2,500-word assignment in the format of a research proposal with an embedded literature review. It should reflect a ‘typical’ research proposal that you would produce if applying for research funding for a specific project or postgraduate study. This assignment will assess your ability to design a research study alongside evaluating relevant academic literature on a topic of your choice. You should reference your work within the text and must include a reference list; format your referencing according to Harvard Cite them Right.

This assessment counts toward 100% of your mark for this module.

This assignment must be submitted through Blackboard using Turnitin.

Learning Outcomes

This assessment will test your ability to meet learning outcomes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 as described in your module booklet:

1. Evaluate relevant academic literature;
2. Develop appropriate research questions;
3. Explain the key features of qualitative and quantitative research approaches;
4. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of different research methods.
5. Design a research project.

Aims of Assessment

• To assess your ability to present findings from published literature;
• To assess your ability to critically review material presented in the literature;
• To evaluate your professional research study and writing skills;
• To ensure that you are able to reference your sources using an accepted referencing system (Harvard Cite them Right);
• To assess your knowledge of research methods.
• To encourage you to read and understand the published literature, particularly peer-reviewed journal articles;

Assessment criteria

Your submission should demonstrate research of and reference to academic sources (peer reviewed journal articles, books and reports), and an understanding of relevant theories and methods. You will be marked according to the content and communication of the research literature within your project.

Project Proposal Guidance

1. Project design:

• Be extra critical: is there something in your course so far that you have been sceptical about, or which you think needs further study?
• Look for gaps in the research and recommendations for further study in the conclusion of papers and reports to identify a potential aim and RQ.
• Read about an interesting topic and keep asking the question ‘Why?’: this may identify a research question you could address. While we encourage you to design a research proposal for something that particularly interests you, remember that it needs to be connected to the course content (Policing, Forensics, CSI) you have been exposed to on your undergraduate degree.
• Think about feasibility – how possible is it to undertake the research you are proposing? Marks will be awarded according to how researchable a project is.
• Length – as your assignment is 2,500 words in total, we recommend you devote 1000 words of this to the project proposal outlining aims, objectives and RQs, methodology and ethical considerations for your chosen project.
• There are examples of Project proposals on Blackboard to assist you.
• Follow the template provided to structure your research proposal.
• Do not write in first person – refer to ‘this analysis indicates’, ‘the proposed aims will address’, ‘the discussion will explore’, ‘the evidence base suggests’ etc.

2. Literature Review:

• A literature review requires you to collate current, relevant information on a given topic. Typically, the purpose of a literature review is to gain an understanding of the existing research and arguments relevant to a particular topic or area of study, and to present that knowledge in the form of a written report.
• Conducting a literature review helps you to build your knowledge in your field, as well as succinctly informing your reader. This should not be an exhaustive list describing all of the research completed on the topic; it should identify the major studies and most pertinent issues.

• The literature review should start with an introductory paragraph, that includes an overview of the problem/topic and the scope of your review.
• You should discuss similar findings together, identifying key findings and limitations and/or criticisms of the work.
• Aim to develop a clear argument and identify any gaps in the existing understanding.
• The literature review should end with a concluding paragraph that summarises your key points/arguments. Remember, we don’t just want to know what’s been done and what we already know, we want to understand where the gaps in knowledge are and why this is important (practical/theoretical implications).
• Length – as your assignment is 2,500 words in total, we recommend you devote 1,500 words of this to the literature review portion of your proposal outlining the research problem with explicit support from the wider literature.

Tips:

• Read published literature reviews (found at the beginning of journal articles) for an awareness of the structure, writing style and content.
• Discussion sections (found at the end of journal articles) can be useful indicators as to the gaps in understanding and requirements for future work.
• Reference lists of published work can be helpful in directing you to additional relevant sources of information.

Presentation of work

Your work must be word processed and presented in accordance with the guidelines laid down in the Assessment Handbook. It is your responsibility to ensure that your work is neatly and accurately presented and you will lose marks for poor spelling, grammar and sentence construction.

Referencing Style

Any piece of written work must be referenced. That means citing the literature to say where you got that piece of information and to enable the reader to go to the original source. All citations and references must be in Harvard format as outlined by ‘Cite them Right’ Referencing (see Blackboard web links and Useful information). If you do not do this you will unnecessarily lose marks.

Word Count

The word limit is 2,500 words +/- 10%. This excludes the reference list.

Is the proportion of people who consider shopping at Amazon Fresh greater than 50%?

This part is made out of TWO separate and unconnected case studies.

Case study 1: Amazon Fresh

The new Amazon Till-Less shop (Amazon Fresh) has just opened in London. It offers a shopping experience without the use of a till for payment. A study with an objective to examine the level of take-up for shopping Till-Less was conducted and has set the following research questions:

• • RQ1: Is the proportion of people who consider shopping at Amazon Fresh greater than 50%?

• • RQ2: Is the proportion of people who consider shopping at Amazon Fresh different between those who are comfortable with mobile technology and those who are not?

A simple random survey, conducted among shoppers at a traditional food supermarket, used an instrument in which the following two questions are of interest for this study.

The dataset for this survey is collated in the SPSS and Jamovi files “Amazon”.

Required:

For this case study, we are required to produce the following tasks

1. Produce a frequency table for the dependent variable “Take up” and report your findings.

[Max: 50 words]

2. Conduct an appropriate hypothesis test fully to inform on the RQ1 above. [Max: 50 words]

3. Conduct an appropriate hypothesis test fully to inform on the RQ2 above. [Max: 50 words]

4. General question: Explain clearly and in your own words the reason for conducting a hypothesis test instead of simply comparing sample statistics of RQ2 above. [Max: 100 words]

The output for the two tests above is included in the appendix at the end of this brief. You may decide to produce your own output by using the data available to you. You should insert the appropriate output to evidence your reports.

The reports should follow the classic research style adopted during the online classes. For full marks, you should clearly state the null and alternative hypotheses for each test.

Explain briefly, the aim of this research article and state the research questions chosen by the authors of this research paper.

Title: An examination of users and non-users of self-checkout counters

In this part, you are asked to refer to and familiarise yourself with the research article entitled “An examination of users and non-users of self-checkout counters” and respond to the requirements below.

Required:

1. Aim and Research questions

Explain briefly, the aim of this research article and state the research questions chosen by the authors of this research paper. [Max: 100 words]

1. 2. Survey instrument A. Referring to the “Survey instrument” used in this study, explain how this instrument was organised and name each section. [Max: 100 words]
2. B. Refer to the second section of this instrument, name the concept that is measured and in how many factors it was subdivided. How many items form each factor? [Max: 50 words]
3. C. The article refers to the Cronbach 𝛼 coefficients. What do these represent and why it is important to include them in this paper? [Max: 100 words]

3. Data collection

Name and explain the sampling method used for the collection of data. Explain whether the responses were random and independent by giving evidence from the text.

[Max: 100 words]

4. Findings A. Referring to the section “Demographic variables in the use of self-checkout counters”, the authors have concluded that there is no difference in the use of self-checkout counters across different demographic segments. What evidence have they given to evidence this conclusion? [Max: 50 words]

B. In the same section, the report for the chi-squared test against the variable “Age” reads “𝜒2(4) = 4.06, 𝑝 = 0.40, 𝜙 = 0.07”. What is “4” in this report and explain how it was calculated? [Max: 30 words]

C. Referring to the section “Evaluation of self-checkout counters”, an independent t-test was used to compare the average scores for all the measures between users and non-users. Explain what could be the reason that all the test results were found to be statistically significant but with moderate effect sizes. [Max: 50 words]

5. Conclusion and further research

The authors referred to a “recent” study. What does this study suggest and what future research could be conducted to test it? [Max: 50 words]

Note: Any calculations or equations you will use will not be part of the general word count.

Identify the role and actions (interventions) of nursing as a change agent.

Assignment Guidelines for Leading a Quality Improvement Project

This project can be a group of no more than three students or an individual project.

Topic Examples: (PICK ONE TOPIC)

• Pain Assessment, Management (ex. acute, post-operative pain vs. versus chronic Pain)
• Falls prevention in the hospital and patient centered care
• Medication errors and medication reconciliation increase safety
• Nursing Report and handoffs including nursing and physician SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) Communication
• Hand hygiene use of antimicrobial soap versus alcohol-based hand rubs- best evidence-based practice
• Preventing Pressure Ulcers and Turning Practices to enhance quality improvement
• Quiet hours and noise level on patient units and patient centered care
• Electronic documentation at the bedside and bar code scanning. How does it improve nursing care and patient safety?
• Infection of central line and blood stream best evidence base practice.
• Social Media dangers and (Facebook, email, Twitter) impact of HIPPA and safety of patient information.

Purpose: Identify, describe, communicate and apply concepts from quality improvement theories to enhance the role of the nurse as change agent, client advocate and advocate for the profession.

Course Objective:

• Understand continuous quality improvement principles and applications.

Activity: Make a visit to a clinical or health care setting and identify an evidence-base practice quality improvement issue.

• The issues can be a current issue that the organization is working on or an issue you can address in the short time frame.
• Review the literature to further identify the evidence to support best clinical nursing practice.
• Identify interventions to improve the process of care based on evidence-based practice.
• Application of this knowledge will be demonstrated by developing a Quality Improvement plan, evaluating the plan through measurement and communicating the results from data collected.

To complete this assignment, EACH student will:

1. Using Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA), complete a Quality Improvement Plan

1. 1. Complete the PDSA Plan Tool found in Moodle and copy and paste onto
   2. Select and describe your topic and patient/client population.
   3. Select a clinical problem to evaluate against the most current evidence-based practice in the literature.
   4. Identify and provide a short description of a behavioral change theory that could be used.
   5. Support your problem with the signs and symptoms and support with measurement data.
   6. Identify the strategies used or recommended to make improvements in quality of care using evidence-based practice.
   7. Develop Measurable Goals – SMART goals. A S.M.A.R.T. goal is defined as one that is specific, measurable, achievable, results-focused, and time-bound. Goals should be simple and clearly defined.
   8. Assess the literature to further identify the evidence to support best clinical nursing practice.
   9.  

1. Analyze the Problem:
   1. Collect existing data, summarize and present this data. Because of the short time frame for this class only the collection of pre-data will be expected.
   2. Support your problem with the signs and symptoms

1. Develop Interventions :
   1. List the interventions in your presentation and document them on the PDSA Tool
   2. Identify the strategies used or recommended to make improvements in quality of care using evidence-based practice
   3. Identify the role and actions (interventions) of nursing as a change agent.

4. Evaluation and analyze to support your conclusions:
   1. Evaluate the Quality Improvement outcomes. What was benefit of this change to the population? Use rationale.
   2. What is leaderships role and involvement in Quality Improvement?
   3. What was benefit in terms of your own experience, focusing on your nursing role.
5. Communicating Results :
   1. Identify how you would or will communicate your results

6. Review of literature:

Provide a short summary of how each of the studies selected supported your project.

Using the literature identify the evidence to support best clinical nursing practice changes. You must use at least 6 references written in APA style. These references must be recent no more than five years old.

Of the six references that direct content, use of a minimum of four recent professional references outside of textbooks; ONE nursing research study is required.

7. Quality improvement activity and emphasizing lessons learned. It must stand alone and convey the steps of the process without a person narrating it. Students must also demonstrate the integration of quality improvement and evidence-based practice to promote a more patient-centered environment.

GUIDELINES FOR ALL WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS Include your name (s) on a title slide. Always explicitly cite your sources, parenthetically and in the reference page. Citations should follow APA format. Citing your sources is a way of demonstrating from where and how you came to know something. Proofread all written work. Finished products should be spell-checked and grammatically correct.