What are the potential side effects of a particular drug?

Off-label prescribing is when a physician gives you a drug that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved to treat a condition different than your condition. This practice is legal and common. In fact, one in five prescriptions written today are for off-label use.

Psychotropic drugs are commonly used for children and adolescents to treat mental health disorders, yet many of these drugs are not FDA approved for use in these populations. Thus, their use is considered “off-label,” and it is often up to the best judgment of the prescribing clinician. As a PMHNP, you will need to apply the best available information and research on pharmacological treatments for children in order to safely and effectively treat child and adolescent patients. Sometimes this will come in the form of formal studies and approvals for drugs in children. Other times you may need to extrapolate from research or treatment guidelines on drugs in adults. Each individual patient case will need to be considered independently and each treatment considered from a risk assessment standpoint. What psychotherapeutic approach might be indicated as an initial treatment? What are the potential side effects of a particular drug?

For this Assignment, you consider these questions and others as you explore FDA-approved (“on label”) pharmacological treatments, non-FDA-approved (“off-label”) pharmacological treatments, and nonpharmacological treatments for disorders in children and adolescents.

Although cohort studies are very powerful, case-control studies tend to be more popular. Do you agree with the statement? Why or why not?

Using the Internet, research the two major study designs–cohort and case-control–used in health care research. Find a research article on any topic in health care. Based on your research, please address the following:

  • Although cohort studies are very powerful, case-control studies tend to be more popular. Do you agree with the statement? Why or why not?
  • How does the cohort study design differ from the case-control study design?
  • What is essentially the main use or purpose of the cohort study design and case-control study design?
  • When it is best to use the cohort study design and when is it best to use the case-control study design?
  • What characteristics of cohort study design make it important in health care research?
  • Cohort studies can be retrospective or prospective. What makes a cohort study retrospective or prospective?
Do these factors when implemented add value to the ethics of a business or organization? Why or why not?

Ethical drivers, as noted in Johnson, C. E. (2019), chapter 9, are factors that play a particularly significant role in promoting or driving systematic ethical change. Without them, any change effort is likely to fail. These drivers include:  Ethical diagnosis  Engaged leadership  Targeted socialization processes  Ethics training  Continuous ethical improvement. This assignment asks you to review and synthesize components of ethical culture and cultural change efforts, as noted in Johnson (2019) chapter 9, needed to build an ethical organization. Utilizing the course readings, resources and weekly discussions, apply your knowledge to the discussion questions below.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzicXbnmllc

Discussion questions:  SYNTHESIZE: After reviewing Johnson’s (2019) discussion on the components of ethical culture and cultural change efforts (Chapter 9, pg. 278), how would you summarize what you have read? Do you see benefits to implementation of these elements? Why or why not?  ANALYZE: After viewing Brooke Deterline’s Creating ethical cultures in business (TEDx Talks, 2012), do you see any parallels from her discussion to that of Johnson (2019)? If so, what are they? If not, how are the two perspectives different?  EVALUATE: Do these factors when implemented add value to the ethics of a business or organization? Why or why not? In this assignment, you will:  Write a three (3) to five (5) page paper (APA – double spaced) in which you discuss and analyze: o Your thoughts on creating ethical cultures in business o Include examples and ideas you have learned through your own life experiences applying the course readings o Consider whether these factors or elements, when implemented, add value to the ethics of a business or organization o Follow APA 6 required formatting guidelines

what processes are mobilized in this feedback loop, and what is the ultimate outcome? 
  1. Think of one negative feedback loop that we discussed this semester and describe it in a great detail including the following: what sets it into motion, what processes are mobilized in this feedback loop, and what is the ultimate outcome? Be specific when describing organs, parts of the organ, cells and molecules.
  2. We discussed many different ions/minerals/electrolytes. Think of one ion we talked about in a great detail in different contexts and describe what would happen as a result of this ion deficiency.  You can think of several lectures where we mentioned this ion and what could be the broad consequences of its deficiency regulating at least 2 distinct processes in the body. (e.g sodium, potassium, iron, calcium, etc)
  3. What are the differences between the primary and secondary humoral immunity responses with respect to the time to produce the antibodies, their levels, and the persistence of the response (think about what we discussed and the graph we analyzed)? Knowing this, why do you think it is helpful to get vaccinated and specifically what mechanism is used by the antibodies in protection against the virus. Be specific!
  4. Imagine, you went on an amazing cruise and all of a sudden you found yourself stranded at sea. You have nothing to drink and your body is working hard to retain the water. Describe how one hormone can help you with that and explain exactly it would be doing in different parts of the body and on the cellular or molecular level. Be very specific and describe what is happening actually as you are stranded-the heat, lack of water, etc.

5. Think of one of the systems you learned about this semester and describe in detail one fun fact that you learned about that was surprising. Write about what you previously thought/believed and what you know now using details. (e.g general misconception is the feces contain undigested food but in fact they contain for example bacterial cells, or sloughed cells of our bodies; e.g histamine is often associated only with allergies , but in fact it plays a very important role in inflammation-describe that role; even though majority of our amino acid source comes from the diet , a large portion comes from digestion of our own cells and enzymes)

6. We discussed different disorders that are more common in men than in women and vice versa. Think of one such disorder and explain why is it more common in one of the sex over the other using the anatomical and/or physiological differences as part of your evidence .

7. Think of 2 organs that we can live without and why? What function of these organs must be replaced and how can they be replaced?

discuss what specifically leads you to believe this situation follows the Empirical Rule.

DISCUSSION

 

Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:

  • Discuss a situation where you can collect data, and the data the Empirical Rule applies, meaning that the data representing this situation follows a normal distribution. You are encouraged to conduct research using the internet to discover a situation that fits this criteria.
  • Citing your source, discuss what specifically leads you to believe this situation follows the Empirical Rule. What statistical analysis benefits exist because the situation has data that is distributed normally?
Discuss the historical evidence that supports your conclusions about the impact of the event on American society.

In Module Seven: Thinking About History, learning block 7-3 (page 3) in the webtext, you worked toward the following elements: II. Body: You will use this section of your paragraph to provide further detail about your historical event while supporting the claim you made in your thesis statement. Make sure to cite your sources. Specifically, you should: A. Describe the causes of the historical event. In other words, what were the underlying factors that led to the historical event? Were there any immediate causes that precipitated the event? B. Illustrate the course of your historical event. In other words, tell the story or narrative of your event. Who were the important participants? What  did they do? Why? How do the perspectives of the key participants differ? C. Describe the immediate and long-term consequences of the historical event for American society. In other words, how did the event impact  American society? D. Discuss the historical evidence that supports your conclusions about the impact of the event on American society. Support your response with  specific examples from your sources. In Module Seven: Thinking About History, learning block 7-3 (page 3) in the webtext, you completed the following element: V. Communicate your message in a way that is tailored to your specific audience. For instance, you could consider your vocabulary, your audience’s potential current knowledge of historical events, or lack thereof, and what is specifically important to the audience

What current event did you cover (Ethics in Action)?
  • Revisit your “My Theory of Human Nature” (Week Two) paper. Consider your early thoughts covered within your paper submission.
  • Review your “Ethics in Action Case Study” (Week Four assignments). Determine if things have changed regarding the subject you chose.

Evaluate the following:

  • What current event did you cover (Ethics in Action)?
  • What is the current state of that situation?
  • What new insights have you developed relating to your opinion on the significance of ethics in democracy and in leadership, based on your theory of Human Nature and regarding your chosen case study?
  • How were your previous beliefs, behaviors, or values challenged when coming to this realization?
  • How will you apply this awareness moving forward (personally and/or pro
Evaluate a selected company’s or organization’s recent (within the last six months) actions dealing with risk and uncertainty.

Case Study: Dealing with Risk and Uncertainty
Overview
In this case study assignment, you will select a company or organization of your choice that has been dealing with risk and uncertainty within the last six months. Then you will determine solutions to organizational problems that take into account principles of risk management to improve operations and profitability.
Instructions
Write a 6–8-page paper in which you:

  1. Evaluate a selected company’s or organization’s recent (within the last six months) actions dealing with risk and uncertainty.
  2. Recommend advice for improving risk management and provide justification for the recommendation.
  3. Examine an adverse selection problem the company/organization is facing and recommend how it should minimize the negative impact of adverse selection on transactions.
  4. Determine the ways the company/organization is dealing with the moral hazard problem, and suggest best practices used in the industry to deal with moral hazard.
  5. Describe a principal-agent problem in the company/organization and evaluate the tools the company/organization uses to align incentives and improve profitability/efficiency.
  6. Examine the organizational structure of the company/organization and suggest changes to improve the overall profitability/efficiency. Explain why those changes would result in an improvement to profitability.
  7. Use five sources to support your writing, including one published within the last six months about the risk and uncertainty the company has faced. Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate. Cite each source listed on your source page at least one time within your assignment. For help with research, writing, and citation, access the library or review library guides.
  8. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: 
    This course requires the use of Strayer Writing Standards. For assistance and information, please refer to the Strayer Writing Standards link in the left-hand menu of your course. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
    The file submitted in Blackboard must be an MS Word document or a PDF document.
    The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is:
  • Determine solutions to organizational problems that take into account principles of risk management to improve operations and profitability.
Analyze dimensions and differentiation in diversity and apply the influence of relationships and affective reactions to intervention techniques and technologies with diverse clients, families, groups, organizations, and communities. 

3000 words

Assignment Overview

This synthesized case study is designed for the specific needs of a client presenting with a mental health disorder. It also allows you, as a practitioner and scholar, to integrate theory and research into your practice and apply advanced mental health interventions.

By successfully completing this assignment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following EPAS and specialized practices:

  • Competency 1: Demonstrate Ethical and Professional Behavior.
    • C1.SP.B: Articulate and provide leadership in the application of the core values and ethical standards of the social work profession through an ethical problem solving model to aid in critical thinking, affective reactions and ethical decision making related to individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities to guide and inform ethical practice in the specialization of advanced generalist social work.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 3. Apply an intervention plan (treatment plan).
        • 7. Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for leaders of the social work profession through the use of technology.
  • Competency 2: Engage Diversity and Difference in Practice.
    • C2.SP.A: Analyze dimensions and differentiation in diversity and apply the influence of relationships and affective reactions to intervention techniques and technologies with diverse clients, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 1. Analyze the individual and family history (engagement).
        • 6. Summarize and conclude the client/family history comprehensive study.
    • C2.SP.B: Apply leadership skills, theoretical frameworks, decision making and best-practice interventions with diverse populations.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 1. Analyze the individual and family history (engagement).
        • 6. Summarize and conclude the client/family history comprehensive study.
  • Competency 6: Engage with Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities.
    • C6.SP.A: Apply critical thinking and decision making in verbal and written communication through the use of leadership and technology when engaging with colleagues, individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 7. Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for leaders of the social work profession through the use of technology.
    • C6.SP.D: (Engage) Apply leadership, technology, critical thinking, decision making and interpersonal skills to actively engage in the specialization of advanced generalist practice with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities to achieve goals.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 1. Analyze the individual and family history (engagement).
  • Competency 7: Assess Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities.
    • C7.SP.A: Apply critical thinking and decision making in verbal and written communication through the use of leadership and technology when assessing  colleagues, individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 7. Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for leaders of the social work profession through the use of technology.
    • C7.SP.D: (Assess) Apply assessment instruments, leadership, technology, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills to identify problems, and assess and analyze capacities, strengths, and needs of individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 1. Analyze the individual and family history (engagement).
  • Competency 8: Intervene with Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities.
    • C8.SP.A: Apply critical thinking and decision making in verbal and written communication through the use of leadership and technology when intervening with colleagues, individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 7. Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for leaders of the social work profession through the use of technology.
    • C8.SP.D: (Intervene) Apply leadership, technology, critical thinking, decision making, and interpersonal skills in the specialization of advanced generalist practice interventions with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities to achieve goals.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 3. Apply an intervention plan (treatment plan).
        • 5. Create a client follow-up plan that includes leadership, technology, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills.
        • 6. Summarize and conclude the client/family history comprehensive study.
    • Competency 9: Evaluate Practice with Individuals, Families, Groups, Organizations, and Communities.
    • C9.SP.A: Apply critical thinking and decision making in verbal and written communication through the use of leadership and technology evaluations with colleagues, individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 7. Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with expectations for leaders of the social work profession through the use of technology.
    • C9.SP.E: (Evaluate) Apply leadership, technology, critical thinking, decision making and interpersonal skills in the specialization of advanced generalist practice evaluation of interventions with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 4. Apply an evaluation plan that demonstrates leadership, technology, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills.
        • 5. Create a client follow-up plan that includes leadership, technology, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills.
    • C9.GP.D: Apply evaluation findings to improve practice effectiveness at the micro level.
      • Related Assignment Criteria:
        • 4. Apply an evaluation plan that demonstrates leadership, technology, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills.
        • 5. Create a client follow-up plan that includes leadership, technology, critical thinking, and interpersonal skills.
        • 6. Summarize and conclude the client/family history comprehensive study.

Assignment Description

Your Comprehensive Case Study should cover the initial assessment through the evaluation of active treatment, as well as available resources and possible interventions for after counseling has ended (in other words, a client follow-up plan).

Assignment Instructions

Use the Comprehensive Case Study outline below to compile your current and previous work into a single document:

  1. Title page.
  2. Abstract.
  3. Table of contents.
  4. Introduction.
  5. Engagement (revised case study of individual or family history from Unit 2).
  6. Assessment plan.
  7. Intervention plan (revised treatment plan from Unit 8).
  8. Evaluation plan.
  9. Client follow-up plan (the plan for follow-up and continued treatment for this client or individual through a systems-based perspective).
  10. Conclusion or summary (be sure to discuss how leadership perspectives in the community influence the process and outcomes, in order to consider the person in the environment).
  11. References.

Additional Requirements

Your final paper must also meet the following requirements:

  • Number of pages: The body of the paper should be 3000-3250 words, not including the title page, abstract, table of contents, or reference page.
  • Written communication: You must present accurate written communication that conveys the overall goals of the project and does not detract from the overall message.
  • Formatting: Use the current APA formatting, including proper punctuation, double-spacing throughout, proper headings and subheadings, and page numbers. Please refer to the Writing Center’s APA Style and Format page for more information.
  • References and style: You should have a minimum of 10 references from books or peer-reviewed journals written within the past five years. Your references must adhere to APA current edition format to receive full credit.