History of Western Civilizations 16th Manuscript illustration by an unknown native artist showing a Nahuas victim of smallpoxStenka Razin in captivity, 1671Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People 1830The 15th Amendment, Celebrated May 19th, 1870 by James C. BeardExtra Credit: Watch this clip, made by NPR (National Public Radio) of Frederick Douglas’ great great… grandchildren reciting his speech “What to the Slave is The Fourth of July”, written for and spoken to a crowd of abolitionists in 1852. Remember that at this time, slavery had still not been outlawed in the U.S., the civil war had still not occurred, and European powers were only beginning to enter into a phase of colonization that we call New Imperialism (this is a main topic in Week 9 of this class). Also keep in mind that this production was made in the summer of 2020 when BLM (Black Lives Matter) protests were well underway following the murder of George Floyd. What is your experience of the 4th of July?

History of Western Civilizations 16th Manuscript illustration by an unknown native artist showing a Nahuas victim of smallpoxStenka Razin in captivity, 1671Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People 1830The 15th Amendment, Celebrated May 19th, 1870 by James C. BeardExtra Credit: Watch this clip, made by NPR (National Public Radio) of Frederick Douglas’ great great… grandchildren reciting his speech “What to the Slave is The Fourth of July”, written for and spoken to a crowd of abolitionists in 1852. Remember that at this time, slavery had still not been outlawed in the U.S., the civil war had still not occurred, and European powers were only beginning to enter into a phase of colonization that we call New Imperialism (this is a main topic in Week 9 of this class). Also keep in mind that this production was made in the summer of 2020 when BLM (Black Lives Matter) protests were well underway following the murder of George Floyd. What is your experience of the 4th of July? What stands out to you from Douglas’ speech and from what his descendants say after the recitation is over? To what degree if any do you view contemporary commemorations such as the fourth of July or Memorial Day as nation-building exercises and what holidays (that are not currently federal holidays) do you think the U.S. should celebrate and why.