Phi 208 week 3 quiz (all correct)

PHI 208 Week 3 quiz (all correct)
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Question 1.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ In the article ?War and Massacre,? Thomas Nagel argues that moral absolutism
is consistent with the principles of utilitarianism
ÿcan be used to justify genocide
ÿis primarily concerned with what a person is doing
ÿis primarily concerned with the outcome of a person?s actions
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ÿQuestion 2.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to Thomas Nagel?s article, ?War and Massacre,? the absolutist position that creates no problems of interpretation is
rule utilitarianism
ÿact utilitarianism
ÿpacifism
humanitarian intervention
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Question 3.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ In Kant Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, the maxim of an act is:
the policy or principle that you would be following if you did it.
the expected overall utility resulting from the action.
ÿthe moral rule that an act either respects or violates .
ÿall of the above.
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Question 4.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Thomas Nagel argues that all rules of engagement should be governed by the utilitarian principle that
any means can be justified if it leads to a worthy end
ÿthe greatest good can justify targeting noncombatants
ÿwe are always justified in attacking the tyranny of the majority
ÿnone of the above
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Question 5.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to the video, ?Religion, War, and Violence,? for a war to be considered just, it must
be aimed at repelling aggression
ÿhave a strong probability of success
ÿmust be only used as a last resort
ÿall of the above
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ÿÿQuestion 6.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to Nagel, which of the following may be permitted by absolutism, at least in some circumstances?
Intentionally killing an innocent person
ÿDoing something that brings about an innocent person’s death
ÿDropping a nuclear bomb on an enemy city
ÿTorturing an innocent person
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Question 7.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to Nagel, to which of the following groups of people is hostility most appropriately aimed?
Innocents
ÿCivilians
ÿCombatants
ÿNon-combatants
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ÿQuestion 8.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Jeremy Waldron argues that the current use of drone warfare is unethical because
it is conducted by unlawful combatants such as CIA personnel who are not subject to military ethics
ÿÿit is conducted by individuals who are thousands of miles removed from targets
ÿÿit may result in unintended civilian casualties
ÿall of the above
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Question 9.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Nagel?s argument that hostility or aggression should be directed at its true object means that which of the following would probably not be permissible?
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿTorturing a prisoner to get the names of his confederates.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿAttacking an enemy country?s agricultural system.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿBombing major cultural centers.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿAll of the above.ÿ
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ÿQuestion 10.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to Kant, the moral worth of an action:
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿlies in its conformity to the moral law.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿlies in the value of the expected result.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿlies in its conformity to God?s commands.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿlies in its usefulness to society.
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Question 11.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to the video ?Religion, War, and Violence,? Just War Theory asserts that military intervention
can be seen as an act of altruism
ÿmust always have an altruistic component
ÿmust be primarily an act of altruism
ÿmust never have an altruistic component
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Question 12.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ In the article ?War and Massacre,? Thomas Nagel argues that utilitarianism
is primarily concerned with what should happen
ÿis primary concerned with what will happen
ÿis primarily concerned with theory over practice
ÿis primarily concerned with universal justice
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Question 13.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Reason is a faculty that we have that:
is only good if it succeeds in satisfying our desires.
ÿis the driving principle of a good will.
ÿis the fundamental ground of human dignity.
ÿboth B and C
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Question 14.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Kant explains that respect for a person is:
the recognition of the worth of the person?s potential contribution to society.
ÿÿdependent upon whether the person respects others.
ÿboth A and B
ÿnone of the above.
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Question 15.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to the video ?Religion, War, and Violence,? proponents of Just War Theory agree that without the restraints of Just War Theory
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿthe violence and aggression of war would be worse
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿhumanitarian intervention would be more successful
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿprisoners and noncombatants would have greater equality
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿnone of the above
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Question 16.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Kant claims that a good will is:
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿsomething that can only be called good with qualification.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿthe only thing that can be called good without qualification.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿthat which makes qualified goods like character traits morally good.
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿboth B and C.
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Question 17.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Kant argues that when I find someone in need:
I should give whatever spare resources I have unless it makes me worse off than the person I?m trying to help.
ÿI should consider a world in which no one helped me when I was in need, recognize that I could never will such a world, and help them in the best way that I can.
I should sympathize with them, but recognize that the world is better off overall if we each only look after our own interests.
I should remember that as autonomous beings they are responsible for their own situation, and thus that I have no responsibility to help them out.
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Question 18.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ In the video ?Drones Are Not Ethical and Effective,? Jeremy Waldron argues that drones are not ethical because their use involves
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿtotal transparency and accountability
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿthe assurance that only combatants will be targeted
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿthe maintenance of a secret death list by government authorities
ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿall of the above
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Question 19.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Nagel argues that the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were just like what other kind of action, just on a larger scale?
Killing the wife and child of someone attacking you in order to distract him from his attack.
Bombing a munitions factory and killing some of the civilian workers inside.
Firing at an enemy soldier and hitting an innocent bystander with a stray bullet.
Bombing a convoy of enemy soldiers.ÿ
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Question 20.ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ According to Kant, persons:
are rational beings.
must always be regarded as an end.
ÿhave absolute value.
ÿall of the above.
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